Mapangidwe a sludge ndi ovuta, ndi magwero osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu.Pakali pano, njira zazikulu zotayira zinyalala padziko lonse lapansi ndi kutayirako zinyalala, kuyatsa zinyalala, kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka, ndi njira zina zochiritsira.Njira zingapo zotayira zili ndi zabwino zake komanso zosiyana pakugwiritsa ntchito, komanso zoperewera.Mwachitsanzo, kutayirako matope kudzakhala ndi zovuta monga kuphatikizika kwamakina, zovuta zosefera, komanso kuipitsidwa ndi fungo lalikulu;kuwotcha kwa matope kumakhala ndi zovuta monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, kukwera mtengo kwamankhwala, komanso kupanga mpweya woipa wa dioxin;Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuthana ndi mavuto monga kuzungulira kwautali komanso dera lalikulu.Pazonse, kuzindikira kusakhala ndi vuto la matope, kuchepetsa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu, ndi chithandizo chokhazikika ndi vuto la chilengedwe lomwe liyenera kulimbana ndikuwongolera mosalekeza.
Ukadaulo wa kompositi wa sludge aerobic:
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ukadaulo wa sludge aerobic composting wagwiritsidwa ntchito potaya zinyalala.Ndi ukadaulo wopanda vuto, wochepetsera, komanso wokhazikika wamankhwala athanzi.Chifukwa cha njira zake zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zofufumitsa (kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nkhalango, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka malo, dothi lotayirapo, ndi zina zotero), kutsika kwa ndalama zogulira ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu, Kusiyanasiyana kwa ntchito ndi zina zimakhudzidwa kwambiri.Pali njira zitatu zodziwika bwino za kompositi, zomwe ndi: mtundu wa stacking, mtundu wa bin/through, ndi reactor.Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timawonongeka ndikusintha zinthu zamoyo zomwe zili mumatope kukhala carbon dioxide, madzi, inorganic matter, ndi biological cell matter pansi pa zakudya zoyenera, chinyezi ndi mpweya wabwino, kutulutsa mphamvu nthawi yomweyo, ndikuwongolera zolimba. zinyalala mu khola.Humus, onjezerani feteleza wa sludge.
Zofunikira pakupanga kompositi ya sludge:
Pali magwero ambiri a matope, koma ena si abwino ngati zipangizo zopangira kompositi.Choyamba, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:
1. Chitsulo cholemera sichidutsa muyezo;2. Ndi biodegradable;3. Zomwe zili mu organic matter sizingakhale zotsika kwambiri, osachepera 40%.
The technical mfundo ya sludge composting:
Mfundo ndi ndondomeko ya humification wa organic olimba zinyalala ndi zochita za aerobic tizilombo pansi aerobic mikhalidwe.Munzila eeyi, zyintu zyobilo zyobilo zili muluumuno zijatikizyidwe munzila iikonzya kutugwasya kuzyiba zyintu zikonzya kutugwasya kuzyiba kabotu;Kachiwiri, ndi insoluble colloidal organic zinthu ndi adsorbed kunja kwa tizilombo, decomposed mu sungunuka zinthu ndi extracellular michere otulutsidwa ndi tizilombo, ndiyeno analowerera mu maselo.Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timapanga catabolism ndi anabolism kudzera m'miyoyo yawo ya kagayidwe kachakudya, timathira oxidize mbali ya organic zinthu kukhala zinthu zosavuta, ndikutulutsa mphamvu yofunikira pakukula kwachilengedwe;phatikizani gawo lina la zinthu zamoyo kukhala zinthu zatsopano zama cell, kotero kuti Kukula ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kutulutsa zamoyo zambiri.
Hybrid preprocessing:
Sinthani tinthu kukula, chinyezi, ndi mpweya nayitrogeni chiŵerengero cha zinthu, ndi kuwonjezera mabakiteriya pa nthawi yomweyo kulimbikitsa patsogolo mofulumira njira nayonso mphamvu.
Kutentha koyambirira (kompositi):
Kuwola zinthu zosakhazikika mu zinyalala, kupha tiziromboti mazira ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ndi kukwaniritsa cholinga chopanda vuto lililonse.Chinyezichi chikachepa, zinthu za organic zimawola ndikuwunikidwa kuti zitulutse N, P, K, ndi michere ina, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinthu zakuthupi zimamasuka ndikubalalika.
Kuwiritsa kwachiwiri (kuwola):
The organic olimba zinyalala pambuyo woyamba manyowa nayonso mphamvu sanafike kukhwima ndipo ayenera kupitiriza kukumana yachiwiri nayonso mphamvu, ndiye kukalamba.Cholinga cha ukalamba ndikuwonjezera kuwola, kukhazikika ndikuwumitsa zotsalira za macromolecular organic mu organic matter kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira pakupanga feteleza wotsatira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-22-2022