Kompositindi njira yomwe imanyozetsa ndi kukhazikika zinyalala za organic pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipange chinthu choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.
Thenayonso mphamvulilinso dzina lina la kompositi.Zinyalala za organic ziyenera kugayidwa, kukhazikika, ndikusinthidwa kukhala feteleza wachilengedwe ndi zochita za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikakhala ndi madzi okwanira, chiŵerengero cha carbon-nitrogen, ndi oxygen ndende.Pambuyo pakuyatsa kompositi moyenerera, zinyalala za organic zimakhazikika, kununkha kumachoka, ndipo kwenikweni zilibe mabakiteriya owopsa komanso mbewu za udzu.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wanthaka komanso feteleza wachilengedwe m'nthaka.
Zotsatira zake, kupanga ndi kusunga malo omwe amathandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse cholingachi ndi kukonza koyambirira kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.Zotsatirazi zikuphatikizidwa pakukonza Koyamba kwa kompositi zamafuta zopangira mafakitale:
1. Kuwunika kwazinthu zopangira: Zonyansa ndi zonyansa zomwe sizimasungunuka zimachotsedwa kuzinthu zopangira.Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo, miyala, galasi, pulasitiki, ndi zina zotero.
2. Kuphwanya: Zida zina zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuthyola, monga zakudya zotsala, zomera, makatoni, zinyalala zowunjikana, ndi zinyalala za anthu, ziyenera kuphwanyidwa.Pulverization imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo malo azinthu zopangira, kulimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndikuwongolera kusakanikirana kwazinthu zopangira.
3. Kusintha kwa chinyezi: Kuti muzitha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi mu kompositi, kusintha chinyezi ndikofunikira pazinthu zina zopangira, monga manyowa a nyama, zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi ochulukirapo kapena ochepa.Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zomwe zanyowa kwambiri ziyenera kuuma, kapena chinyezi chiwonjezeke powonjezera madzi okwanira.
4. Kusakaniza: Mu chiŵerengero china, phatikizani zipangizo zomwe zayesedwa, kuphwanya, kusintha chinyezi, ndi njira zina zopangira.Cholinga cha kusakaniza ndikusunga thanzichiŵerengero cha carbon-to-nitrogen, kapena chiŵerengero cha C/N, mu kompositi.Pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa C/N uyenera kuyambira 25:1 mpaka 30:1.
5. Kompositi: Ikani zinthu zimene zakonzedwa kuti zifufutike.Kuti kompositi ikhalebe yotentha komanso chinyezi komanso kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisawonongeke, kompositiyo iyenera kutembenuzidwa ndi mpweya wokwanira nthawi zonse pakuwunjikana.
Kukonzekera koyamba kwa zopangira zopangira kompositi kungaphatikizepo mitundu yotsatirayi yamankhwala kuwonjezera pa magawo oyambira - kuwunika kwazinthu, kuphwanya, kusintha chinyezi, kutumiza, ndi kompositi:
Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Zopangira ziyenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa zingaphatikizepo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mazira a tizilombo, njere za udzu, ndi zina zotero. Mankhwala kapena njira zochotsera matenda, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga kutentha kwa nthunzi).
Chithandizo chokhazikika: Kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe, zinyalala zina zamafakitale, matope, ndi zina zotero, ziyenera kukhazikika chifukwa zimaphatikizapo zinthu zovulaza monga organic matter ndi heavy metal.Pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, redox therapy, ndi njira zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pochiza chithandizo.
Kusakaniza kosakaniza: Mitundu ingapo ya zipangizo zimatha kusakanikirana ndi kuthandizidwa kuti ziwongolere bwino komanso zopatsa thanzi za kompositi ya mafakitale.Mwachitsanzo, kompositi yokhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya zitha kuonjezedwa pophatikiza zinyalala zam'tawuni ndi zinyalala zamafamu.
Chithandizo chowonjezera: Mankhwala ena amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku kompositi kuti apititse patsogolo kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo, kusintha pH mlingo, kuonjezera zakudya zopatsa thanzi, ndi zina zotero, kupititsa patsogolo ubwino ndi mawonekedwe a kompositi.Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera tchipisi tamatabwa kungathandize kuti kompositi ikhale ndi mpweya komanso kusunga madzi.Kuonjezera laimu kumatha kulinganiza mulingo wa pH wa kompositi ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.Mukhozanso kuwonjezera mabakiteriya a aerobic kapena anaerobic mwachindunji ku kompositi kuti mufulumizitse kupesa komanso kukula kwa zomera zake zamkati.
Tiyenera kutsindika kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya zida zoyambira zopangira kompositi m'mafakitale, ndipo zida zosiyanasiyana zoyambira zimafuna njira zingapo zopangira zoyambira.Kuonetsetsa kuti kompositi ndi yabwino komanso chitetezo cha chilengedwe, zopangira ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuwunikidwa musanayambe kukonza.Njira zingapo zothandizira ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-24-2023